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美国东部时间 10 月 28 日,NASA 肯尼迪航天中心飞行器装配大楼(VAB)High Bay 3 内,Artemis III 任务的 SLS(太空发射系统)芯级与两台固体火箭助推器完成集成,标志着这枚登月火箭形成“短堆叠”(short stack)构型。此次堆叠是 Artemis III 任务筹备工作的阶段性成果,为后续运载火箭整体组装、加注测试乃至最终发射奠定了基础。芯级于 10 月 22 日从转移通道起吊,经过数日精密作业后,最终借助专用起吊梁精准落位于移动发射器之上。
堆叠细节:专用起吊设备完成毫米级作业
这枚高达 212 英尺(约 64.6 米)的芯级是 SLS 火箭最庞大的部件,由波音公司在 NASA 米丘德装配设施制造,此前通过驳船运抵肯尼迪航天中心。技术团队使用 High Bay 2 内一套独一无二的起吊梁装置,将芯级从水平状态逐步竖立并吊运至相邻的 High Bay 3,与已提前就位的双固体火箭助推器完成对接。整个堆叠过程历时数日,期间芯级经历了从水平转运到垂直起吊、再至与助推器精确对位的多道工序。
完成短堆叠构型后,火箭主体框架已初步成形。接下来工程团队将继续开展电气连接、管路对接及各系统测试与检查工作。全部地面验证通过后,芯级与助推器组合体将随移动发射器一同转运至 39B 发射工位,进行加注测试——届时液氢和液氧推进剂将仅加注至芯级贮箱,发射团队将同步演练倒计时程序和时间线,为正式发射积累操作经验。
【关键数据】
- 芯级高度: 212 英尺(约 64.6 米)
- 短堆叠完成日期: 2026 年 10 月 28 日
- 任务乘组人数: 4 名宇航员(含 1 名 ESA 宇航员)
- 加注测试内容: 仅向芯级加注液氢/液氧并演练倒计时程序

任务定位:验证交会对接与商业航天协同
Artemis III 的任务定位与外界普遍认知的“直接登月”存在差异。根据 NASA 公布的任务规划,此次飞行将搭载 NASA 宇航员 Randy Bresnik、Frank Rubio、Andre Douglas 以及 ESA 宇航员 Luca Parmitano,乘猎户座飞船升空后,重点验证猎户座与蓝色起源、SpaceX 商业航天器之间的交会与对接能力,为后续宇航员真正踏上月面的任务铺路。这意味着 Artemis III 实质上承担了商业月球着陆体系与 NASA 主力飞船之间“接口验证”的角色。
从更深层次看,这一安排反映出 NASA“月球到火星”战略下的分工逻辑:SLS 与猎户座负责地月运输主干线,商业合作伙伴提供月面着陆及辅助运输能力。对接验证的成败,将直接影响后续载人登月任务链路的可行性,也决定了蓝色起源和 SpaceX 的商业着陆器能否顺利接入 NASA 的探月架构。
发射展望:加注测试成为下一道关口
短堆叠完成并不意味着发射临近,加注测试才是检验火箭状态的关键环节。液氢低温推进剂对密封性和管路系统要求极高,倒计时演练中任何异常都可能导致流程回退。从项目节奏看,若加注测试进展顺利,SLS 全箭组装(含临时低温推进级和猎户座飞船)将提上日程,Artemis III 有望在测试周期收尾后进入发射窗口确定阶段。此次堆叠的顺利完成,至少表明硬件端已就位,任务推进的重心正从制造转向发射场验证阶段。
出处:Artemis III SLS Core Stage Joins Boosters at Kennedy
英文原文The SLS (Space Launch System) core stage is lifted from the transfer aisle of the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Thursday, Oct. 22, 2026. NASA/Sean Cannon The SLS (Space Launch System) core stage is lifted from the transfer aisle of the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Thursday, Oct. 22, 2026. NASA/Sean Cannon The SLS (Space Launch System) core stage is horizontal in the transfer aisle of the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Friday, Oct. 23, 2026. NASA/Cory S Huston The SLS (Space Launch System) core stage is integrated alongside the twin solid rocket booster motor segments on Sunday, Oct. 25, 2026, inside the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida completing its short stack configuration. NASA/Sean Cannon The SLS (Space Launch System) rocket core stage is integrated with the solid rocket boosters for Artemis III in High Bay 3 of the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida to complete its short stack configuration. NASA/Frank Michaux NASA’s Artemis III SLS (Space Launch System) core stage is integrated alongside the twin solid rocket boosters on Oct. 28 inside the Vehicle Assembly Building’s High Bay 3 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. Technicians lifted the 212-foot rocket stage from the facility’s High Bay 2 using a one-of-a kind lifting beam designed to place the stage onto the mobile launcher. Once testing and checkouts are complete, teams will roll the core stage and booster stack out to Launch Pad 39B to conduct a tanking test where liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fuel will be loaded only into the core stage and launch teams will practice countdown procedures and timelines. The Artemis III mission will launch NASA astronauts Randy Bresnik, Frank Rubio, Andre Douglas, and ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Luca Parmitano in the Orion spacecraft on top of the SLS rocket to test rendezvous and docking capabilities between Orion and commercial spacecraft from Blue Origin and SpaceX ahead of future mission to land astronauts on the Moon. Photo credit: NASA/Sean Cannon, Cory S Huston, and Frank Michaux