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好奇号火星车钻探间隙“充电休整” 测试并行任务省电新招

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在火星盖尔陨石坑内执行任务的好奇号火星车,正处在其第49个钻孔采样任务的收尾阶段。NASA喷气推进实验室(JPL)最新任务更新显示,地球时间10月30日制定的计划覆盖了Sol 5060至5062共三个火星日,团队有意安排了一段“充电休整期”,为接下来的密集钻探活动储备电力。这份看似轻松的计划中,却悄然嵌入了一项全新的工程试验——并行任务执行测试,为这辆服役超过14年的老牌火星车探索延长寿命的新路径。

Nazca钻探攻坚:样品两度交付舱内实验室

本次钻探目标被命名为“Nazca”,是好奇号自2012年着陆以来的第49个钻孔。按照任务团队的描述,钻孔作业已经完成,ChemCam光谱仪也对钻探尾料完成了成分表征。目前样品已经多次交付至火星车“腹部”的两台核心分析仪器——SAM(样品分析-at-火星)和CheMin(化学与矿物学仪器),用于开展不同类型的分析。

剩余工作同样不轻松:团队还需要再次向SAM交付样品以进行另一类分析,并完成钻孔清理作业。其中一项被称为“RAGE”的活动颇具趣味性——其全称为“旋转搅动以排出颗粒”,通俗地说,就是让钻头剧烈抖动,把残留的样品颗粒甩出来。此外,持续对钻孔和尾料进行成像记录,也是完整保存科学档案的必要环节。这些活动个个耗电不菲,正是团队安排三个“电力正增长”火星日的直接原因。

【关键数据】

- 本次规划火星日: 3个火星日(Sol 5060-5062)

- 钻孔序号: Nazca为好奇号第49个钻孔

- 任务累计时长: 已超过5056个火星日

- 采样分析仪器: SAM与CheMin两台舱内仪器

- 远程科学目标: Titicaca、Pampas、Salta三处

好奇号Sol 5062导航相机图像

休整不闲置:远程科学持续在线

虽然被定位为“充电等待”计划,三个火星日里的科学产出依然可观。每个火星日保留了标准的晨间科学观测时段,ChemCam及其远程微成像仪对“Titicaca”“Pampas”“Salta”三个目标完成了激光光谱分析和马赛克成像;Mastcam对校准目标和钻探目标进行了拍摄;Navcam继续执行尘卷风搜索,配合Mastcam的大气不透明度(tau)测量和暮光成像。这些观测的核心指向,是持续研究Nazca地区的晶体构造以及周边的层状岩石和基岩——这些岩石记录着火星远古水环境的线索。

更值得关注的是Sol 5061上的工程试验。随着任务年限拉长,好奇号的电力输出因放射性同位素热电机的自然衰减而缓慢下降,团队需要不断寻找更省电的运行方式。并行执行便是策略之一:让两项活动同时进行,缩短火星车保持“清醒”的总时长,从而节省电力。当然,任意两活动叠加存在资源冲突风险,必须提前验证其安全性。此次测试选定的组合,是在向轨道器下行数据的同时,执行CheMin的“Get Data”活动——将仪器内的科学数据搬运至飞行计算机,这是一项CPU占用率很高的任务。初步迹象显示测试进展顺利,最终结论有待工程团队对回传数据完成分析。

老将续命:软件优化延长科学寿命

从更长的时间尺度看,这次并行测试的意义不限于一次工程验证。好奇号的设计寿命仅为一个火星年(约687个地球日),如今已超期服役逾四倍。在RTG电力逐年递减的硬约束下,通过软件层面的调度优化榨取每一瓦时的价值,正在成为任务延续的关键手段。如果并行执行机制得到全面验证并推广,好奇号在高能耗的钻探、采样分析阶段将拥有更大的操作弹性,其2026年之后的科学产出也有望得到更持久的保障。Nazca钻探任务的最终结果,以及并行策略的后续应用,都值得持续追踪。


出处:Curiosity Blog, Sols 5056-5062: Charging Back Up!

英文原文
Curiosity Navigation Curiosity Home Mission Overview Where is Curiosity? Mission Updates Science Overview Instruments Highlights Exploration Goals News and Features Multimedia Curiosity Raw Images Images Videos Audio Mosaics More Resources Mars Missions Mars Perseverance Rover Mars Curiosity Rover Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mars Odyssey More Mars Missions Mars Home 3 min read Curiosity Blog, Sols 5056-5062: Charging Back Up! This image was taken by Right Navigation Camera onboard NASA’s Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 5062 (2026-11-02 05:40:15 UTC). NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS By Remington Free, Operations Systems Engineer, NASA-JPL Earth planning date: Friday, Oct. 30, 2026 Today’s plan covered 3 sols, 5060, 5061, and 5062, as we take a few recharging sols before getting back to our normal drilling activities. As you may know if you have been following the blog closely, we are in the middle of a drilling campaign on our target called “Nazca.” We’ve already drilled the hole, characterized the tailings from the drill hole with ChemCam, and have now done several sample dropoffs, both to our SAM and CheMin instruments within the belly of the rover. We still have a number of activities left to do as part of the campaign, including another dropoff to SAM for a different kind of analysis, and drilling cleanup activities. One of those activities is called “RAGE” (Rotate to Agitate for Granule Expulsion, a very fun acronym) where we essentially shake the drill to get any remaining sample out of it. We’ll also make sure to take lots of imaging to continue document the drill hole and tailings. In any case, those activities are very power-hungry for our rover! So today’s plan purposefully did not have a lot of activities in it so we could get a nice few power positive sols before we get back to drilling. Each of our three sols had a standard morning science block, with an extra exciting brand-new activity on 5061 (more on that shortly!). Over the three sols, we conducted remote science with ChemCam active and Remote Micro-Imager mosaics on some interesting targets (“Titicaca,” “Pampas,” and “Salta”), some Mastcam imaging of our calibration target and our drill target, several Navcam dust devil studies and Mastcam tau observations, and twilight imaging. Despite this plan being recharging/waiting, we got in lots of exciting science to continue to study the Nazca crystal formations and the nearby layered rocks and bedrock. On 5061, we also conducted a brand-new engineering activity to test parallelism over one of our downlink communications windows. As the rover gets older and our power output slowly decreases over the length of the mission, we are continuously looking for new ways to execute activities with less power use. One of our strategies is parallelism – having two activities execute at the same time will save power due to the rover being awake for less time. However, we need to vet pairs of activities ahead of time to ensure they are safe to run together. This is a test of one of those pairs – running our CheMin “Get Data” activity at the same time as we are sending data to one of our orbiters. CheMin Get Data is a high CPU activity which transfers science data from the instrument to our flight computers. The test seems to have gone well, but we’ll have to wait to hear back from our engineering team to analyze the results! Overall, it was an exciting plan full of great remote science as we wait to be able to wrap up our drill campaign. Stay tuned to hear more about how the rest of the Nazca campaign went! Want to read more posts from the Curiosity team? Visit Mission Updates Want to learn more about Curiosity’s science instruments? Visit the Science Instruments page NASA’s Curiosity rover at the base of Mount Sharp NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS Share Details Last Updated Nov 09, 2026 Related Terms Blogs Explore More 3 min read Curiosity Blog, Sols 5050-5055: It’s Nazca, Our 49th Drill Hole Article 34 minutes ago 2 min read Rubies on Mars? Article 3 hours ago 2 min read Newest Sample, Oldest Rock? Article 3 hours ago Keep Exploring Discover More Topics From NASA Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun, and the seventh largest. It’s the only planet we know of inhabited… All Mars Resources Explore this collection of Mars images, videos, resources, PDFs, and toolkits. Discover valuable content designed to inform, educate, and inspire,… Rover Basics Each robotic explorer sent to the Red Planet has its own unique capabilities driven by science. Many attributes of a… Mars Exploration: Science Goals The key to understanding the past, present or future potential for life on Mars can be found in NASA’s four…
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